Synchronous lub cev muaj zog cov ntsiab lus

Synchronous motors yog ib hom AC lub cev muaj zog xws li induction motors. Cov yam ntxwv yog: thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua, muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub rotor ceev thiab daim phiaj zaus n=ns=60f/p, thiab ns ua synchronous ceev. Yog tias qhov zaus ntawm daim phiaj tseem tsis hloov pauv, qhov ceev ntawm lub tshuab synchronous yog qhov nyob ruaj khov thiab tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog qhov loj ntawm qhov load. Synchronous motors muab faib ua synchronous generators thiab synchronous motors. Cov tshuab AC hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob niaj hnub no feem ntau yog synchronous motors.
Txoj cai ua haujlwm
Tsim lub ntsiab magnetic teb: Lub excitation winding yog dhau nrog ib tug DC excitation tam sim no los tsim ib qho excitation magnetic teb nrog alternating polarity, uas yog, tsim lub ntsiab magnetic teb.
Tus neeg xyuas pib tam sim no: Peb-theem symmetrical armature winding ua raws li lub zog winding thiab dhau los ua tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm los yog induced tam sim no.
Txiav cov lus tsa suab: Tus thawj txav txav lub rotor kom tig (inputs mechanical zog rau hauv lub cev muaj zog), thiab excitation magnetic teb nrog alternating polarity rotates nrog lub ncej thiab txiav lub stator windings ntawm txhua theem nyob rau hauv ib theem zuj zus (sib npaug rau tus neeg xyuas pib ntawm winding. txiav lub excitation magnetic teb nyob rau hauv thim rov qab). [2]
Kev hloov pauv muaj peev xwm: Vim yog qhov txheeb ze txiav cov lus tsa suab ntawm armature winding thiab lub ntsiab magnetic teb, peb-theem symmetrical alternating peev xwm nrog lub sij hawm hloov nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab kev taw qhia yuav raug ntxias nyob rau hauv armature winding. AC fais fab mov tuaj yeem muab los ntawm cov hlau lead.
Alternation thiab symmetry: Vim lub alternating polarity ntawm rotating magnetic teb, lub polarity ntawm induced tej zaum alternates; vim lub symmetry ntawm armature winding, peb-theem symmetry ntawm induced muaj peev xwm yog guaranteed. [2]
I. AC synchronous lub cev muaj zog
AC synchronous lub cev muaj zog yog lub cev muaj zog tas li. Nws lub rotor ceev tuav ib qho kev sib piv tsis tu ncua nrog cov khoom siv fais fab zaus. Nws yog dav siv hauv cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm niaj hnub, textile machinery, thiab lwm yam.
II. Permanent magnet synchronous lub cev muaj zog
Cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog yog asynchronous pib cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov synchronous lub cev muaj zog. Nws magnetic teb system muaj ib los yog ntau tshaj cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Nws feem ntau yog ntsia nrog cov hlau nplaum tas mus li raws li qhov xav tau ntawm tus ncej hauv lub tawb rotor ua los ntawm cam khwb cia txhuas lossis tooj liab tuav. Cov qauv stator zoo ib yam li cov asynchronous lub cev muaj zog.
Thaum lub stator winding txuas nrog lub hwj huam mov, lub cev muaj zog pib tig raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm asynchronous lub cev muaj zog. Thaum nws nrawm mus rau qhov nrawm nrawm, lub synchronous electromagnetic torque generated los ntawm qhov chaw sib nqus mus tas li ntawm lub rotor thiab stator magnetic teb (lub electromagnetic torque generated los ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ntawm lub rotor thiab qhov tsis txaus siab torque generated los ntawm stator magnetic teb) rub lub rotor rau hauv synchronization, thiab lub cev muaj zog nkag mus rau synchronous lag luam.
Reluctance Synchronous Tsav Reluctance synchronous lub cev muaj zog, tseem hu ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv synchronous lub cev muaj zog, yog lub cev muaj zog synchronous uas siv qhov tsis txaus siab ntawm lub rotor's quadrature axis thiab ncaj axis los tsim kom muaj qhov tsis txaus siab. Nws stator zoo ib yam li stator qauv ntawm lub asynchronous lub cev muaj zog, tab sis cov qauv rotor txawv.
3. Reluctance Synchronous Tsav
Evolved los ntawm lub tawb asynchronous lub cev muaj zog, thiaj li yuav pab kom lub cev muaj zog los tsim asynchronous pib torque, lub rotor yog txawm peem rau nrog tawb cam khwb cia txhuas winding. Lub rotor yog muab nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov sib thooj rau tus naj npawb ntawm stator ncej (tsuas yog cov ncej tseem ceeb yog siv, tsis muaj excitation winding thiab cov hlau nplaum tas mus li) los tsim kom muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg synchronous torque. Raws li cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv grooves ntawm lub rotor, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab hauv rotor, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab nraud rotor thiab sab hauv thiab sab nraud cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rotor. Ntawm lawv, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv groove ntawm sab nraud cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rotor yog qhib rau ntawm lub voj voog sab nraud ntawm lub rotor, kom cov huab cua sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov ncaj axis thiab lub quadrature axis tsis sib npaug. Sab hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rotor muaj grooves sab hauv, uas thaiv cov hlau nplaum flux nyob rau hauv quadrature axis kev taw qhia thiab tsub kom qhov sib nqus tsis kam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sab hauv thiab sab nraud rotor sib xyaw ua ke cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob lub rotors saum toj no, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ncaj axis thiab lub quadrature axis yog loj, uas ua rau lub zog ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Reluctance synchronous motors kuj tau muab faib ua ib-theem capacitor ua haujlwm hom, ib-theem capacitor pib hom, ib-theem dual-tus nqi capacitor hom thiab lwm hom.
4. Hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog
Lub hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog yog lub tshuab synchronous uas siv cov ntaub ntawv hysteresis los tsim hysteresis torque. Nws muab faib ua puab rotor hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog, txheej rotor hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog thiab ib-theem ntxoov ntxoo ncej hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog.
Lub rotor qauv ntawm lub puab rotor hysteresis synchronous lub cev muaj zog yog zais ncej hom, cov tsos yog ib tug du lub tog raj kheej, tsis muaj winding ntawm lub rotor, tab sis muaj ib tug annular zoo txheej ua los ntawm hysteresis cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub sab nrauv lub voj voog ntawm cov tub ntxhais.
Tom qab lub stator winding txuas nrog lub hwj huam mov, lub rotating magnetic teb generated ua rau lub hysteresis rotor tsim asynchronous torque thiab pib tig, thiab ces cia li nkag mus rau lub synchronous lag luam lub xeev. Thaum lub cev muaj zog khiav asynchronously, lub stator rotating magnetic teb dua magnetizes lub rotor ntawm lub plam zaus; Thaum khiav synchronously, hysteresis cov khoom ntawm lub rotor yog magnetized thiab mus tas li sib nqus ncej tshwm, li no generating synchronous torque. Lub soft starter siv peb-theem anti-parallel thyristor raws li ib tug voltage regulator, uas yog kev cob cog rua ntawm lub hwj chim mov thiab lub cev muaj zog stator. Qhov no Circuit Court yog zoo li peb-theem tag nrho tswj choj rectifier circuit. Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv los pib lub cev muaj zog, qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ntawm thyristor maj mam nce, thiab lub cev muaj zog maj nrawm kom txog thaum lub thyristor tau qhib tag nrho. Lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, ua tiav qhov pib du, txo qhov pib tam sim no, thiab tsis txhob pib overcurrent tripping. Thaum lub cev muaj zog nce mus txog qhov ntsuas nrawm, qhov pib txheej txheem xaus, thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob muag tau hloov pauv lub thyristor uas tau ua tiav txoj haujlwm nrog lub bypass contactor los muab cov ntsuas hluav taws xob rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog, txhawm rau txo cov cua sov. ntawm lub thyristor, ncua lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm lub mos oob khab, txhim kho nws ua hauj lwm efficiency, thiab tsis txhob harmonic pa phem nyob rau hauv daim phiaj fais fab. Lub soft starter kuj muab ib tug soft stop function. Cov txheej txheem muag muag yog rov qab rau cov txheej txheem pib muag muag. Qhov hluav taws xob maj mam txo qis thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov kiv puag ncig maj mam poob mus rau xoom, kom tsis txhob muaj lub zog poob siab los ntawm kev nres dawb.